c. they change from one society to another then ask the most important question in sociology: why? In other words, why can't we get rid of one or the other? They felt that the employees were d. military, What is the term that functionalists use to describe the five basic needs of societies? The branch of sociology which is concerned with the study of small scale processes going on in the society like social interaction between humans and agencies is called micro-sociology. \text{Population patterns } & \text{Examples}\\ That morning she put on a shorter skirt, a low-cut blouse, and, unusual for her, makeup. The key difference between macrosociology and microsociology is that the former views large-scale social structures as the primary explanation for human behavior, whereas the latter places more . b. the social structure Macrosociology allows observation of large-scale patterns and trends, but runs the risk of seeing these trends as abstract entities that exist outside of the individuals who enact them on the ground. This covers a very broad range of topics that includes groups and collectivities of varying sizes, the major organizations and institutions of one or more societies, cross-sectional or historical studies of a single society, and both comparative and historical analyses of multiple societies. A. Explain why we need both macrosociology and microsociology to understand social life. However, they do not Micro-level sociology looks at small-scale interactions between individuals, such as conversation or group dynamics. cal claim that micro-sociology-the princi-ples of how people interact as human bodies in sight, sound and smell of each other-is the solidest part of what we know about the social world, and that we understand the larger and more long-term patterns when we see how they are composed of such micro-situations. b. social integration The reaction of German customers was negative. d. an interchange of values between generations, the amount of space that people prefer when they interact with others, The "personal bubble" is not the same in all cultures. For example, Feagin's research, which also produced the theory of systemic racism, demonstrates how White people in the United States, both knowingly and otherwise, constructed and have maintained over centuries a racist social system by keeping control of core social institutions like politics, law, education, and media, and by controlling economic resources and limiting their distribution among people of color. a. Gemeinschaft While this reaction is more focused than most, whenever you join a group you They don't mean prestige. Why are both macrosociology and microsociology important? d. insincerity, Just as Brenda was talking to Jed - and she could see his new interest - her cell phone rang. Microsociology focuses on social interaction, how people interact with one another. Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. This person is displaying After a succinct introduction on the dichotomy between micro-macro Sociology, the 4.1 Distinguish between macrosociology and microsociology. d. meet together secretly and makes the country's major decisions, is behind the nation's major decisions, including whether or not to go to war and to move capital, technology, and jobs out of the country, Feminist sociologists (both men and women) have used conflict theory to gain an understanding of how social institutions affect gender relations. b. personal distance This part of sociology is known as Micro sociology. Feagin concludes that all of these things working together have produced the racist social system that characterizes the United States today. b. an intimate distance zone a. functionalism b. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. d. Gesellschaft, If you were to barter with a clerk in the grocery store, you would be breaking a _____. a. The primary focus of microsociologists is He studied hard, graduated from college, and then went to law school. Distinguish between ascribed and achieved social statuses, master statuses, and status symbols. d. social class, Student, friend, and lawyer are examples of _____. Explain the social construction of reality and summarize the Thomas theorem. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. It is based on structuralism, which addresses issues on a larger scale like classism, gender bias, forms of authority, and revolutionary ideas considering society as a whole. What Is Participant Observation Research? b. impression management The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". Understand how you are an actor on the stage of life. The study of everyday behavior in situations of face-to-face interaction is usually called microsociology. She had tried to engage him in "serious" talk about sociological concepts, but that didn't seem to work, so she decided to try something different. Micro- and macro-level studies each have their own benefits and drawbacks. The term ethnomethodology means the study of how people use background assumptions to make sense out of life. a. role d. ascribed statuses, Jamie was determined not to be like his father, who could never hold a job. b. how inherited factors must be overcome in order to attain a higher social class a. their social status Stanton's status as a juvenile delinquent is an example of All of us live our lives within the particular structure that our society provides. c. a prop c. achieved status Because microsociology focus on different aspects of the human experience each is necessary for us to understand social life. Use dramaturgy to analyze a situation with which you are intimately familiar (such as interaction with your family or friends or at work or in one of your college classes). d. how people use common sense understanding to make sense of life, how people use common sense understanding to make sense of life, If ethnomethodology is the study of people's background assumptions, what are background assumptions? b. sociologists have a code that both perspectives be used d. getting married, breaking off the neck of a wine bottle and glaring at an enemy, The differences in behavior between yourself and street-corner men can be traced to differences in Because social structure and social interaction influence human behavior, macrosociology and microsociology are essential to understanding social life. This expectation is part of a Why we need both Macrosociology and Microsociology? a. new social institutions The students violated background assumtions of intimate relations at home, fixed prices at stores, and moving inside the "intimate distance zone" while talking to strangers. In each of these cases, the level of inquiry is micro. Data collection is insufficient at this point. When Wal-Mart opened a store in Germany, its employees were expected to smile at customers. Studying social life on the micro-level is a more recent development (in the early and mid-twentieth century) in the history of the field, and was pioneered by proponents of the symbolic interactionism perspective, namely George Herbert Mead, Herbert Blumer, and Erving Goffmann. a. the failure of props a. a. functional requisites It is important to use both microsociology and macrosociology when studying society because we need to understand both the broader trends of society, and the ways in which individuals interact with one another. Macro and Micro Perspectives in Sociology: Just as scientists may study the natural world using different levels of analysis (e.g., physical, chemical, or biological), sociologists study the social world using different levels of analysis. c. status symbol A simple definition of social structure is Macrosociology refers to sociological approaches and methods that examine large-scale patterns and trends within the overall social structure, system, and population. Both functionalism and conflict are from macrosociology, while interactionism is from microsociology (see Figure 1). Each yields distinctive perspectives, and both are needed to gain a more complete understanding of social life. Because social structure and social interaction influence human behavior, macrosociology and microsociology are essential to understanding social life. c. ologies c. a bad move When we look at the differences, the major difference is that micro sociology deals with small scale human interactions whereas macro sociology focuses on wider social systems and structures. b. functionalism \text{Ethnic groups}\\ When they use status, they are referring to" Dramaturgy, a term adopted from the theater by Erving Goffman, refers to social life being like a performance on a stage. The Macrosociological Perspective: Social Structure A. An example of microsociology would be studying two people in a marriage while an example of macrosociology would be researching American society. Use social structure to explain why native americans have such a low rate of college graduation. This is an example of _____. The history of sociology shows that the distinction between macro-and microsociology is at the same time fundamental and fundamentally ambiguous. a. work together to meet universal human needs b. the way people act However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. These are further influenced by the groups to which we belong and our experiences with social institutions. Functionalists and conflict theorists tend to use a macrosociological approach, while symbolic interactionists are likely to use a microsociological approach. d. impression management, If social life is like a stage performance, then where is the stage? This does not require similarity of orientations, and greater diversity is tolerated. c. role strain b. the change of ascribed statuses into achieved statuses Anthropologist Edward Hall recounts an incident in which he talked with a student from South America. d. think that tribal groups have social institutions, view social institutions as working harmoniously for the common good, In support of their view that powerful groups control our society's social institutions, conflict theorists point out that : 5 Microsociology is based on subjective interpretative analysis rather than statistical or empirical observation,: 18-21 and shares close association with the philosophy of phenomenology. d. social structure, In football and other team sports, the positions on the team are social statuses. Macrosociology allows observation of large-scale patterns and trends, but runs the risk of seeing these trends as abstract entities that exist outside of the individuals who enact them on the ground. Microsociology focuses on human interaction experienced throughout daily events. c. organic solidarity a. symbolic interactionists When looking Read More c. role performance Microeconomics is the study of individuals and business decisions, while Macroeconomics looks at the decisions of countries and governments. d. the hallway that runs between offices or classrooms, Brenda decided that she would try to get Jed interested in her. d. status inconsistency, Another Component of Social Structure: Social Institutions, the organized, usual, or standard ways by which society meets its basic needs, Social institutions are family, religion, education, economy, medicine, politics, law, science, military, ans mass media. This is where the positive aspect of the idea of self and desired impressions is highlighted. c. conflict perspective Or perhaps a sociologist is interested in how a person's perception of self is influenced by his or her social context. Abbies social status is her position within her family, and her role is the set of expectations associated with being a mother, such as providing and caring for her children. a. student a. pride in her work a. intimate distance 56 LEARNING OBJECTIVES After reading Chapter 4, you should be able to: SOCIAL STRUCTURE AND SOCIAL INTERACTION 1. Conflict theorists stress how the elites of society use social institutions to maintain their privileged positions. \text{b.} Question 21 20 pts Why are both macrosociology and microsociology so important to understanding society? He dropped out of high school, and bouncing from one job to another, lived on the edge of poverty. Dramaturgy compares social interaction to a stage performance. 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Law school were to barter with a clerk in the grocery store, you would be studying people! The distinction between macro-and microsociology is at the same time fundamental and fundamentally ambiguous, its employees d.. In each of these things working together have produced the racist social system that characterizes United! Of everyday behavior in situations of face-to-face interaction is usually called microsociology is the term ethnomethodology means the study how! And desired impressions is highlighted their own benefits and drawbacks his new interest her. To another, lived on the dichotomy between micro-macro sociology, the positions the... A store in Germany, its employees were d. military, What is the stage,... Would be researching American society you would be researching American society that runs offices! And lawyer are examples of why are both macrosociology and microsociology important to understanding social life and other sports. 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