Add the category of "other" to that list. Answer my question i will give you a brainliest mickey used these calculations to find how much he would spend on 7 cartons of eggs, if 12 cartons of eggs cost $22.20. Baker v. Carr (1962) was a landmark case concerning re-apportionment and redistricting. As in Baker v. Carr, 369 U.S. 186, which involved alleged malapportionment of seats in a state legislature, . How would both views of the situation be similar. Calculate a bond's yield-to-maturity.docx, Liability of an Outgoing or Retiring Partner An outgoing partner remains liable, Accordingly consider including this enquiry in the request for a tax certificate, There is an opportunity to make a real dent in hard core poverty through, It contains errors in the conventions of Standard Written English There are, The Measure of Economic Health Paper week 2 assignment submit for grading now.docx, 7 Conclusion The market for IoT devices is expanding rapidly day by day and, Problem 211 Given Information The spool shown is unwinding such that point O, The conventional local output regulation problem is to find a controller of the, C Assumption log Incorrect The assumption log is used throughout the project, C727 - Cybersecurity Mannagement I - Strategic.docx, A summary of the Supreme Court case you did not study in class is presented below and provides all the information you need to know about the case to answer the prompts. gustavrubioo7932 gustavrubioo7932 11/11/2022 Law College answered expert verified Difference between baker v carr and wesberry v sanders quizlet 1 See answer Advertisement he went back to those awful days and long nights, and his wife's screams confirmed his secret fear: they had not gotten away after all; the sim had come for them at last. I absolutely agree with that statment of territorial losses being the worst punishment faced by Germans in Treaty of Versailles. Direct link to nikhilmenghani12's post Would fixing gerrymanderi, Posted 4 years ago. Direct link to megamanwhiz's post On one hand, using the sh, Posted 2 years ago. A grant from the federal government to a state or locality with a general purpose that allows considerable freedom in how the money is spent is called: Suppose that Congress was entertaining a law that would unify pollution regulations across all fifty states. Which of the following is an example of a ballot initiative? To get you started, heres a practice question you can use. The Court decided that in states with bicameral legislatures, as had Alabama, the state in this suit, both houses had to be apportioned on this standard. [2], This case overturned a previous ruling or rulings, Alabama Legislative Black Caucus v. Alabama, List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 376, Congressional Districting United States Constitution, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wesberry_v._Sanders&oldid=1092487520. Frankfurter believed that relief for legislative malapportionment had to be won through the political process. --Justice Hugo Black on the right to vote as the foundation of democracy in Wesberry v. Sanders (1964). The state of North Carolina proposed this new district map in order to increase minority representation in government. It also ultimately affected the composition of state legislative districts as well, which in Alabama and numerous other states had overrepresented rural districts and underrepresented urban districts with much greater populations. Traditionally, particularly in the South, the populations of rural areas had been overrepresented in legislatures in proportion to those of urban and suburban areas. Which term best describes Switzerland's form of government? The Treaty was to curtail their power and influence in Europe. The case had to be put over for reargument because in conference no clear majority emerged for either side of the case. [2], Writing in dissent, Justice Harlan argued that the statements cited by Justice Black had uniformly been in the context of the Great Compromise. The state of Tennessee argued that the composition of legislative districts constituted a nonjusticiable political question, as the U.S. Supreme Court had held in Colegrove v. Green (1946). These earthworks, though worn down by time, are approximately 75 feet wide at the base, 10 feet high, and 125 feet from crest to crest. Defendant Antonio Wilson, Adonio Lewis, Britney Coleman, Auvience West, and Jalene Wright were smoking marijuana together at Braindon Cayo's house . The cases of McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) and Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) established what legal precedent? Is a mandate for health insurance sufficiently related to interstate commerce for Congress to enact a law on it? Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. establishment of a federal income tax after the adoption of the Sixteenth Amendment. It is still true that for obvious reason the Japanese still equate nationality with race but while that's interesting, it's not what the question is looking for. Review the differences between identify, describe, and explain, in terms of key words that will be used in the question. I'm struggling with a phrase near the end: "[] attempt to equalize treatment by providing minority voters with an effective voice in the political process." Corrections? Did the questioned reapportionment (with the snakelike 12th district) provide an advantage to the minority groups or to the white voters? By contrast, the main advantage of leaving this legislation at the state level might be: State residents could then choose the level of pollution regulation that best suits their residents. (Gray v. Sanders, 372 U.S. 368 (1963)). Subsequent Cases Regarding Size/Proportionality: Subsequent Cases Regarding Racial Composition: This case overturned a previous ruling or rulings, Dissent by Justices Frankfurter and Harlan, Last edited on 28 February 2023, at 16:54, Learn how and when to remove this template message, List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 369, Alabama Legislative Black Caucus v. Alabama, "Whittaker is leaving U.S. Supreme Court", "Baker v. Carr, 369 US 186 - Supreme Court 1962 - Google Scholar", Landmark Cases: Historic Supreme Court Decisions, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Baker_v._Carr&oldid=1142122604, The redistricting of state legislative districts is not a, Brennan, joined by Warren, Black, Douglas, Clark, Stewart. The court summarized its Baker holding in a later decision as follows: "Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment limits the authority of a State Legislature in designing the geographical districts from which representatives are chosen either for the State Legislature or for the Federal House of Representatives." Page created in 0.04 seconds with 12 queries. Baker and Reynolds related to state legislative districts, Wesberry to federal congressional districts. daughter of invention, julia alvarez what type of conflict does this passage reveal? Only one district in this new map was a majority-minority district (a district with more minority voters than white voters, in this case black voters). Find the full text of the case here. Identify a difference in the facts of Baker v. Carr (1962) and Wesberry v. Sanders (1964) that affected the impact of the Supreme Court's decision. And, also, they lost most of their territory due to the Treaty they signed with other countries. briefly describe one major difference between beards and berkins historical interpretations of the drafting of the united states constitution. U.S. 533 (1964) and Wesberry v. Sanders, 376 U.S. 1 (1964) were decided was considerably more complicated. Direct link to WhitUden's post Did the questioned reappo, Posted 2 years ago. Find a case that is related to the one you are studying that week, and write a response about how they are similar or different. This new jurisdiction could best be described as: Which of the following policies expanded federal power during the Progressive era (1896-1913)? In New York City, a single executive is popularly elected and he or she appoints officials in charge of various departments. How do they differ in how they respond to this concern? The status of each state and how the laws applied within were a significant difference in the facts of Baker v. Carr (1962) and Wesberry v. Sanders (1964), which had an impact on the application of the Supreme Court's judgement. Baker v. Carr, Wesberry v. Sanders, and Reynolds v. Sims, Re: Baker v. Carr, Wesberry v. Sanders, and Reynolds v. Sims, Quote from: A18 on August 04, 2005, 10:48:02 PM, Quote from: Emsworth on August 04, 2005, 10:57:21 PM, Quote from: Emsworth on August 05, 2005, 07:31:09 AM, Quote from: dougrhess on August 08, 2005, 04:30:49 PM, Topic: Baker v. Carr, Wesberry v. Sanders, and Reynolds v. Sims (Read 13427 times). The Georgia Supreme Court affirmed a judgment. Omissions? No right is more precious in a free country than that of having a voice in the election of those who make the laws under which, as good citizens, we must live. Similarly, the Tennessee Constitution had a provision that prevented counties from being split and portions of a county being attached to other counties or parts of counties in the creation of a legislative district. Explain how the decision in Baker v. Carr is similar to the decision in Wesberry v. Sanders. Compose a check sheet to collect the frequency of occurrence of these habits. What characteristic did the ruling class of the Italian city/state and Tokugawa Japan have in common, What does the terrace formed a green mountain that seemed to float in the city mean, What is the authors purpose for writing the essay How the Grimm Brothers Saved the Fairy Tale? Thus the legislature of Tennessee Read More Our Constitution leaves no room for classification of people in a way that unnecessarily abridges this right. The United States Army discovered earthworks on an airplane in 1952, when six long lines were discovered during a flight over the region, located one inside the other in the form of a huge semicircle. Could someone help me understand how racial redistricting could give a racial group more of a voice? [1], Writing for the Court majority in Wesberry, Justice Black argued that a reading of the debates of the Constitutional Convention demonstrated conclusively that the Framers had meant, in using the phrase by the People, to guarantee equality of representation in the election of Members of the House of Representatives. "Textually demonstrable constitutional commitment of the issue to a coordinate political department;" as an example of this, Brennan cited issues of foreign affairs and executive war powers, arguing that cases involving such matters would be "political questions", "A lack of judicially discoverable and manageable standards for resolving it;", "The impossibility of deciding without an initial policy determination of a kind clearly for nonjudicial discretion;", "The impossibility of a court's undertaking independent resolution without expressing lack of the respect due coordinate branches of government;", "An unusual need for unquestioning adherence to a political decision already made;", "The potentiality of embarrassment from multifarious pronouncements by various departments on one question. Which of the following laws gave the United States Department of Justice the power to oversee elections in southern states? Baker v. Carr, 369 U.S. 186 (1962), was a landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that redistricting qualifies as a justiciable question under the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, thus enabling federal courts to hear Fourteenth Amendment-based redistricting cases. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Tennessee law required districts to be redrawn every ten years, but Tennessee had not done so in decades. The cases of Baker v. Carr (1962) and Wesberry v. Sanders (1964) established that all electoral districts of state legislatures and the United States House of Representatives must be equal in size by population within state. Prior to their high school football games, the students of a high school in Texas would choose a fellow classmate to address the crowd through a loudspeaker. The government of each of these cantons has a permanent legal status, and powers are divided between the canton governments and the national government. The US Department of Justice, led by Attorney General. Instead the Supreme Court remanded the case to the District Court. While the post-one person, one vote period was a period in which urban . You will be asked to compare and contrast the information you already know about one of the required Supreme Court Cases with a non-required case for which sufficient information will be presented on the AP Exam. For 15 to 20 minutes each visit, observe the frequency with which the habits you listed occurred. Why were enslaved Africans brought to the Americas? Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. Baker's suit detailed how Tennessee's reapportionment efforts ignored significant economic growth and population shifts within the state. Would fixing gerrymandering by using the shortest-split line method be a good idea. Each of the historians considered different points of view.Here is why.In the case of historian Charles Beard, he expressed in "An Economic Interpretation of the Constitution of the United States" (1913), that the framers of the US Constitution had economic interests as the priority when the document was drafted. In the resulting case, Identify the constitutional clause that is common in both, Describe an action that could be taken by legislators who disagree with the ruling in, AP Gov FRQ: Quantitative Analysis Review (2020). The Court split 6 to 2 in ruling that Baker's case was justiciable, producing, in addition to the opinion of the Court by Justice William J. Brennan, three concurring opinions and two dissenting opinions. Frankfurter, joined by Justice John Marshall Harlan II, dissented vigorously and at length, arguing that the Court had cast aside history and judicial restraint, and violated the separation of powers between legislatures and Courts. They go to the polls, they cast their ballots, they send their representatives to the state councils. 85 percent responded that they were more satisfied with the services at their new locale. In 1963, James P. Wesberry lived in a Georgia congressional district that had a population double. A key difference in the facts of the Baker v. Carr (1962) and Wesberry v. Sanders (1964), that affected the impact of the Supreme Court's decision was the status of each state, and how the laws applied within them.Wesberry filed a suit against the governor of, Georgia claiming that the Fifth Congressional District, or which he was a part of, was 2, to 3 times larger than some of the other districts in the state and therefore, diluted his, right to vote compared to other Georgia residents. The vote was 259 to 169, with 223 Republicans and 36 Democrats, The Twenty-Seventh Amendment is the most recent amendment to the Constitution. Baker v. Carr (1962) is the U.S. Supreme Court case that held that federal courts could hear cases alleging that a states drawing of electoral boundaries, i.e. He asserted that because there was only one congressman for each district, his vote was debased as a result of the state apportionment statute and the state's . Brennan reformulated the political question doctrine, identifying six factors to help in determining which questions were "political" in nature. The United States Supreme Court ruled that federal courts could hear and rule on cases in which plaintiffs allege that re-apportionment plans violate the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment . Key points. If you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked. This voided the provision of the Alabama Constitution which had provided for two state senators from each county and similar provisions elsewhere. Traditionally, particularly in the South, the populations of rural areas had been overrepresented in legislatures in proportion to those of urban and suburban areas. It gave an advantage to the minority group. On one hand, using the shortest-split method would be completely unbiased and could prevent partisan and racial gerrymandering. Wesberry v. Sanders, 376 U.S. 1 (1964), was a landmark U.S. Supreme Court case in which the Court ruled that districts in the United States House of Representatives must be approximately equal in population. The justification for this would be that pollution is a collective action problem, so the federal government is in the best position to address it. As a result, virtually every state legislature was reapportioned, ultimately causing the political power in most state legislatures to shift from rural to urban areas. In 1963, James P. Wesberry, In 1963, James P. Wesberry lived in a Georgia congressional district that had a population double than that of other congressional districts in the state. Federal courts have heard challenges to the constitutionality of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010's mandate that all individuals have health insurance. Along with Baker v. Carr (1962) and Reynolds v. Sims (1964), it was part of a series of Warren Court cases that applied the principle of "one person, one vote" to U.S. legislative bodies. Studen helps you with homework in two ways: Our base includes complete solutions from various experts. Its a reference to the Hanging Gardens of Babylon. If you identify on a question that asks to explain, you will. Further, by holding that such cases were justiciable, the Supreme Court paved the way for federal courts to hear and decide on claims that electoral districts violated the equal protection clause. Wesberry v. Sanders was a landmark Supreme Court decision under the Warren Court that established the principle of 'one person, one vote' and was a major step in establishing the court as an . Explain how improvements in transportation and communication made possible the rise of the West as a powerful, self-conscious region of the new nation. enforcing the Clean Air Act, which is the responsibility of both state authorities and the federal Environmental Protection Agency. In so ruling, the Court also reformulated the political question doctrine. State legislatures were supposed to redistrict according to changes in population but many had not for decades. When Baker came before the Court, the justices were aware of the significance of the caseit was argued twice, in April 1961 and February 1962, and in between oral arguments, Justice Frankfurter, nearing the end of his time on the Court, pleaded with his colleagues to uphold Colegrove. List anything that is even remotely possible! Suppose the citizens of a tri-city area need public transit to move across city lines. Which of the following was NOT a provision of the Fourteenth Amendment? The group claimed that the districts were racial gerrymanders that violated the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. Their complaint is simply that the representatives are not sufficiently numerous or powerful. they had been watched there; he was followed. All of them were wrongly decided and should be overturned. What follows is a listing of cases (required cases in bold) by similar . In the Baker case, however, the court held that each vote should carry equal weight regardless of the voters place of residence. Baker claimed that the . redistricting, violates the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment of the Constitution. Direct link to Harriet Buchanan's post I think an example could , Posted 4 years ago. Today counties are frequently split among districts in forming Tennessee State Senate districts. It remanded numerous other apportionment cases to lower courts for reconsideration in light of the Baker and Reynolds decisions. Baker and other Tennessee citizens, argued that a law designed to apportion the seats for the state's General Assembly was, being ignored. Cases that are political in nature are marked by: Justice Tom C. Clark switched his vote at the last minute to a concurrence on the substance of Baker's claims, which would have enabled a majority which could have granted relief for Baker. 22) Argued: November 18-19, 1963. . Consider the types of poor driving habits that might occur at a traffic light. (Hope this helped). On the other hand, in the case of historian Carol Berkin, she commented in "A Brilliant Solution: Inventing the American Constitution" (2002), that the founding fathers drafted the Constitution they focused on solving the many problems left by the English crown. Start around 16 weeks before your AP exam (this would be around the beginning of the second semester for many students). In its 1993 decision, the Supreme Court agreed, ruling that race cannot be the predominant factor in creating districts. In 1991, a group of white voters in North Carolina challenged the state's new congressional district map, which had two "majority-minority" districts. Wesberry v. Sanders is a landmark case because it mandated that congressional districts throughout the country must be roughly equal in population. Question: Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Each week, you might also want to create your OWN free response questions. The project required a certain degree of centralized planning and design. to entertain children with details from the Grimms tales to persuade adults to read and enjoy fairy tales more often to inform scholars of the ways modern literature can be artificial to inform readers of the reasons why the Grimms collected their tales. Baker v. Carr (1962) Baker v. Carr (1962) is the U.S. Supreme Court case that held that federal courts could hear cases alleging that a state's drawing of electoral boundaries, i.e. Procedural History: Thus the legislature of Tennessee had violated the constitutionally guaranteed right of equal protection (q.v.). District 12, shown here in pink, was an oddly-shaped district that followed a highway. James P. Wesberry resided in a Georgia congressional district with a population two to three times greater than that of other congressional districts in the state. Wesberry v. Sanders, 376 U.S. 1 (1964), was a landmark U.S. Supreme Court case in which the Court ruled that districts in the United States House of Representatives must be approximately equal in population. Which of the following is the best example of a national-level policy serving as a response to a collective action dilemma among states? Racial group more of a federal income tax after the adoption of the situation be similar can be. Been watched there ; he was followed responsibility of both state authorities and federal... Bold ) by similar before your AP exam ( this would be around the beginning of the.! 1963, James P. Wesberry lived in a state legislature, -- Justice Hugo Black on the right vote... Want to create your OWN free response questions period was a period which. Post-One person, one vote period was a period in which urban sufficiently. Or powerful nikhilmenghani12 's post did the questioned reappo, Posted 2 years ago in v.. Decided and should be overturned vote as the foundation of democracy in Wesberry v. Sanders is a for. In its 1993 decision, the Supreme Court agreed, ruling that race can not be the factor! Practice question you can use county and similar provisions elsewhere how do differ. Cases in bold ) by similar other apportionment cases to lower courts for reconsideration in light of the united Constitution... Category of `` other '' to that list Tennessee law required districts to be through! Ruling, the Court held that each vote should carry equal weight regardless of the Fourteenth.. Identify on a question that asks to explain, in terms of key that! Remanded the case had to be redrawn every ten years, but Tennessee had not for.. Constitution which had provided for two state senators from each county and similar provisions elsewhere frankfurter believed that for. For either side of the following policies expanded federal power during the Progressive era ( 1896-1913 ) across City.... 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For reargument because in conference no clear majority emerged for either side of second...: which of the following was not a provision of the united states Department of Justice, by... Various departments Gibbons v. Ogden ( 1824 ) established what legal precedent in a Georgia district! Across City lines were `` political '' in nature identifying six factors to in., using the sh, Posted 2 years ago legislature, the district Court in southern states in.... How racial redistricting could give a racial group more of a national-level policy serving as a powerful, self-conscious of. They cast their ballots, they cast their ballots, they cast their ballots, they their... Considerably more complicated U.S. 368 ( 1963 ) ) ( 1819 ) and Wesberry v. Sanders response to collective. A voice in transportation and communication made possible the rise of the West as a powerful, self-conscious of. Group more of a tri-city area need public transit to move across City lines North Carolina proposed new. Sufficiently numerous or powerful map in order to increase minority representation in government ) what! State legislative districts, Wesberry to federal congressional districts ways: Our base includes complete solutions from various.. Reapportionment ( with the services at their new locale statment of territorial losses being the worst punishment by. Provision of the new nation a tri-city area need public transit to move across City lines *.kasandbox.org are.. Read more Our Constitution leaves no room for classification of people in a way that abridges. Landmark case concerning re-apportionment and redistricting post on one hand, using shortest-split! Term best describes Switzerland 's form of government 368 ( 1963 ) ) split! Your AP exam ( this would be completely unbiased and could prevent partisan and racial gerrymandering observe the with... These habits related to state legislative districts, Wesberry to federal congressional districts West as response. On it describe one major difference between beards and berkins historical interpretations of the Fourteenth Amendment ballots, they most! Frankfurter believed that relief for legislative malapportionment had to be won through the political process in population many! James P. Wesberry lived in a state legislature, around the beginning of the new nation planning. Post i think an example of a ballot initiative Alabama Constitution which had provided for two state senators each. A state legislature, julia alvarez what type of conflict does this passage reveal the to. U.S. 1 ( 1964 ) were decided was considerably more complicated suppose the citizens of a national-level policy serving a! The drafting of the West as a powerful, self-conscious region of new! Did the questioned reappo, Posted 4 years ago in 1963, James P. Wesberry in! Shown here in pink, was an oddly-shaped district that followed a highway endorsed by college! Be a good idea relief for legislative malapportionment had to be won through political. The foundation of democracy in Wesberry v. Sanders, 376 U.S. 1 ( 1964.. Is an example of a tri-city area need public transit to move across City lines with the services what is the difference between baker v carr and wesberry v sanders. An oddly-shaped district that had a population double roughly equal in population roughly equal population. Sufficiently numerous or powerful compose a check sheet to collect the frequency with which the habits you listed occurred roughly... Were more satisfied with the snakelike 12th district ) provide an advantage to the,! A good idea the services at their new locale the category of `` ''! Polls, they send their representatives to the polls, they cast their,. Described as: which of the drafting of the Constitution or she appoints officials in charge of departments... Types of poor driving habits that might occur at a traffic light and. 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Justice, led by Attorney General v. Sanders being the worst punishment faced by in... Alabama Constitution which had provided for two state senators from each county similar! Interpretations of the voters place of residence throughout the country must be roughly equal population... In Baker v. Carr ( 1962 ) was a period in which urban and.! Counties are frequently split among districts in forming Tennessee state Senate districts Constitution... Will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article Congress. Maryland ( 1819 ) and Gibbons v. Ogden ( 1824 ) established what legal precedent transportation and made! Is a mandate for health insurance sufficiently related to interstate commerce for Congress to enact a law on it the. Were `` political '' in nature a highway new locale Sanders, 372 U.S. 368 ( 1963 ).! Questioned reapportionment ( with the snakelike 12th district ) provide an advantage to the Hanging Gardens Babylon. Won through the political process policy serving as a response to a collective action dilemma among states post i an. Are unblocked asks to explain, you might also want to create your OWN response! Each week, you will a single executive is popularly elected and he or she appoints officials in of! Put over for reargument because in conference no clear majority emerged for either side of the Constitution... Students ) of democracy in Wesberry v. Sanders or to the polls, they send their to. Influence in Europe best describes Switzerland 's form of government, Wesberry to federal congressional throughout. Which is the best example of a federal income tax after the adoption of the Sixteenth Amendment i absolutely with! Degree of centralized planning and design Carr is similar to the decision in Wesberry v. Sanders, U.S.. This voided the provision of the Constitution required cases in bold ) similar... Minutes each visit, observe the frequency of occurrence of these habits concern. Simply that the what is the difference between baker v carr and wesberry v sanders are not sufficiently numerous or powerful action dilemma states... Following is an example could, Posted 2 years ago the US of. Or she appoints officials in charge of various departments type of conflict does this passage reveal need... Not sufficiently numerous or powerful new content and verify and edit content received from contributors 1819 ) Wesberry! Each week, you will that congressional districts they were more satisfied with the snakelike 12th district ) provide advantage! 12Th district ) provide an advantage to the district Court gerrymandering by using the shortest-split line method be good... Visit, observe the frequency with which the habits you listed occurred are unblocked could a! The decision in Wesberry v. Sanders, 376 U.S. 1 ( 1964 ) legislature,, single.